What is a protein?
Proteins are large biological molecules made up of long chains of amino acids.

What is beta casein?
Beta casein is a type of protein that makes up a third of the protein in milk. It is a high quality milk protein that is a source of essential amino acids, as well as peptides. More can be found out about beta casein on: www.betacasein.org

What is the difference between A1 and A2 beta casein?
A1 has a Histidine amino acid at position 67 of its protein chain, while A2 has a Proline amino acid in the same position.

The different amino acids cause the protein chain to bend in different ways, changing the protein structure and how enzymes can cut up the protein chains into peptides with different functions according to which protein they were released from.

What is homogenized milk?
Homogenized milk has been treated to disperse the cream layer containing the milk fat throughout the milk. Homogenized milk generally has a longer shelf life than un-homogenized milk.

What is pasteurization?
Pasteurization is a method of heating milk for a short time to kill off bacteria which would cause the milk to spoil.